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1.
Rev. clín. esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 208(3): 118-123, mar. 2008. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-63876

RESUMO

Introducción. El control de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular (FRCV) en prevención secundaria adquiere gran importancia en los diabéticos, aunque suele ser aún más difícil de alcanzar que en los no diabéticos. En este artículo se compara el grado de control de los FRCV y los tratamientos pautados en los pacientes diabéticos frente a los no diabéticos del estudio MIRVAS, así como la influencia de una intervención intensiva y multifactorial sobre ambas variables en esta población. Material y métodos. Se comparan los subgrupos de diabéticos (71: 38 del grupo intervención y 33 del grupo control) entre sí y con el de no diabéticos (176: 83 y 93 respectivamente) del estudio MIRVAS. Los objetivos de control de los FRCV y los tratamientos a pautar son los recomendados en las guías internacionales. Resultados. En los diabéticos la prevalencia basal de la hipertensión arterial (HTA) y de la dislipemia es superior (70,4% frente al 54% y 73,2% frente al 50,6%, respectivamente). Al año, la presión arterial (PA) y el colesterol HDL son significativamente peores en los pacientes diabéticos (45,9% con una PA controlada en los diabéticos frente a un 81,9% en los no diabéticos; 49,43 mg/dl en diabéticos frente a 53,82 mg/dl en no diabéticos). Los diabéticos del grupo intervención presentan al año mejores cifras de HbA1c (5,52% frente a 6,59%), colesterol HDL (52,81 mg/dl frente a 45,24 mg/dl) y PA sistólica (123,03 mmHg frente a 136,50 mmHg) y de prescripción de estatinas (96,77% frente a 76,67%). Discusión. Aunque la presencia de diabetes dificulta el logro de los objetivos de control en prevención secundaria, una intervención intensiva y multifactorial como la realizada en el estudio MIRVAS puede obtener mejores resultados (AU)


Background. Control of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in secondary prevention becomes very important in diabetic patients, although this can be even more difficult to achieve than in non-diabetic patients. This article compares the degree of control of CVRF and drugs prescribed to diabetics versus non-diabetics in the MIRVAS study. It also evaluates the results of an intensive and multifactorial intervention regarding both subjects in this population. Material and methods. The subgroups of diabetic patients are compared (71 patients: 38 in the intervention group and 33 in the control group) within groups and with the non-diabetics (176 patients: 83 and 93, respectively), all of them included in the MIRVAS study. The targets of CVRF control and drugs to be prescribed are those recommended in the international guidelines. Results. The baseline prevalence of high blood pressure and dyslipidemia is higher in diabetic patients (70.4% vs. 54% and 73.2% vs. 50.6%, respectively). At one year after the cardiovascular event, blood pressure (BP) and HDL-cholesterol control are significantly worse in diabetics (45.9% of diabetic patients vs. 81.9% of non-diabetics with BP under control; 49.43 mg/dl in diabetics vs 53.82 mg/dl in non-diabetics). Diabetics from the intervention group have better HbA1c (5.52% vs. 6.59%), HDL-cholesterol (52.81 mg/dl vs. 45.24 mg/dl), systolic BP (123.03 mmHg vs. 136.50 mmHg) and statins prescription (96.77% vs. 76.67%). Conclusions. Diabetes mellitus makes it more difficult to achieve the objectives of control in secondary prevention. An intensive and multifactorial intervention such as that one done in MIRVAS study can attain better results (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Diabetes Mellitus/prevenção & controle , Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Avaliação de Resultado de Ações Preventivas , Fatores de Risco , Hiperlipidemias/prevenção & controle , Hipertensão/prevenção & controle , Estudos de Casos e Controles
4.
Rev Clin Esp ; 205(9): 425-9, 2005 Sep.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16194476

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Quantify risk factor control and compliance of present therapeutic recommendations in the two months following an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or ischemic stroke. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional, descriptive study of risk factors and treatments prescribed on discharge after AMI or stroke. RESULTS: A total of 68% of 122 patients (65.6% AMI; 22.1% women; mean age: 64.9), had controlled BP; 70.1% BMI < 30 kg/m2; 54.1% LDL-cholesterol < 100 mg/dl. Controlled BP (78.7% versus 50%) and adequate LDL-cholesterol (62.3% versus 20.5%) were greater after AMI than after stroke (p < 0.001). ACEI/ARA II prescribed after AMI: 30% (p < 0.001). After AMI, 26.2% without beta blocker (only 8.8% contraindicated). HbA1c < 7% in 55.5% of diabetics; BP control inferior to non-diabetics (p < 0.001). DISCUSSION: Short term control of the risk factors after cardiovascular episode and prescription on hospital discharge are improvable, above all after a stroke.


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Infarto do Miocárdio/terapia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco
5.
Rev. clín. esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 205(9): 425-429, sept. 2005. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-040881

RESUMO

Introducción. El objetivo de este estudio es cuantificar el control de los factores de riesgo y el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones terapéuticas actuales en los dos meses posteriores a un infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM) o un ictus isquémico. Material y métodos. Estudio transversal descriptivo de factores de riesgo y tratamientos prescritos al alta tras IAM o ictus. Resultados. De 122 pacientes (65,6% IAM; 22,1% mujeres; edad media: 64,9), 68% tenían presión arterial (PA) controlada, 70,1% índice de masa corporal (IMC) < 30 kg/m2, 54,1% colesterol LDL (ligado a lipoproteínas de baja densidad) < 100 mg/dl. PA controlada (78,7% frente a 50%) y colesterol LDL adecuado (62,3% frente a 20,5%) fueron mejores tras IAM que tras ictus (p < 0,001). Inhibidores de la enzima de conversión de la angiotensina (IECA)/antagonistas de los receptores de la angiotensina II (ARA II) pautado tras IAM: 80%; tras ictus: 30% (p < 0,001). Tras IAM, 26,2% sin bloqueador beta (contraindicados sólo 8,8%). HbA1c < 7% en 55,5% de diabéticos; control de PA inferior a no diabéticos (p < 0,001). Discusión. El control a corto plazo de los factores de riesgo tras un episodio cardiovascular y la prescripción al alta hospitalaria son mejorables, sobre todo tras un ictus (AU)


Introduction. Quantify risk factor control and compliance of present therapeutic recommendations in the two months following an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or ischemic stroke. Material and methods. Cross-sectional, descriptive study of risk factors and treatments prescribed on discharge after AMI or stroke. Results. A total of 68% of 122 patients (65.6% AMI; 22.1% women; mean age: 64.9), had controlled BP; 70.1% BMI < 30 kg/m2; 54.1% LDL-cholesterol < 100 mg/dl. Controlled BP (78.7% versus 50%) and adequate LDL-cholesterol (62.3% versus 20.5%) were greater after AMI than after stroke (p < 0.001). ACEI/ARA II prescribed after AMI: 30% (p < 0.001). After AMI, 26.2% without beta blocker (only 8.8% contraindicated). HbA1c < 7% in 55.5% of diabetics; BP control inferior to non-diabetics (p < 0.001). Discussion. Short term control of the risk factors after cardiovascular episode and prescription on hospital discharge are improvable, above all after a stroke (AU)


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Assistência ao Convalescente/métodos , Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina/uso terapêutico , Receptor Tipo 2 de Angiotensina/antagonistas & inibidores , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Infarto do Miocárdio/tratamento farmacológico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária/uso terapêutico , Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico
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